9. EMBEDDED PROGRAMMING

Goal

Read a microcontroller data sheet. Program your board to do something, with as many different programming languages and programming environments as possible. Optionally, experiment with other architectures.

INVESTIGATING

I researched a microcontroller, in this case the ATmega328p,you can download the datasheet here

  • DATASHEET

    • The main features of ATmega328p are:

    • Data EEPROM: 1024bytes
    • General Purpose I/O Lines: 23
    • SPI: 2
    • I2C: 1
    • Flash: 32KBytes
    • Pin count: 32
    • CPU Speed : 20 Mhz
    • SRAM : 2Kbytes
    • USART: 1
    • ADC: 10 bit
    • ADC channels: 8
    • 8 bit timer/counts: 2
    • 16 bit timer/counts: 1
    • PWM channels: 6
    • Temp. Range (deg C): -40 to 125 ºC
    • I/O Supply Class: 1.8 to 5.5
    • Operating Voltage (Vcc): 2.7 to 5.5V
    • Speed grade: 0 to 8 Mhz at 2.7 to 5.5V 0 to 16 Mhz at 4.5 to 5.5V

    Low power consumption

    • Active mode: 1.5 mA at 3V . 4Mhz
    • Power-down mode: 1 uA at 3V
    • Watchdog: Yes
    • Debug Interface: debugWIRE

    The pinout of this microcontroller is presented in the next Figure. The port B, C and D are programmable with multipurpose.

    Atmega328 architecture is based on the RISC architecture.

    PROGRAMMING

    For this assignment I used my plate that I made in the assignment 7,in which I used an ATtiny 44 microcontroller.

    LANGUAGE C++

    I identified the port in wich the FTDI cable was pluged,

    then in the tool tab, begin to set the information, board, processor, port.

    Then I did the programming, which consists of the LED light turning on every time I press the button, also For that I looked for the table of equivalences between the ATtiny 44 and the Arduino,so I can choose the right pins.

    After that I made the code on the Arduin IDE,the arduino programming language is based on LANGUAGE C ++ and test the board. Finally, I clicked on Tools->Burn Bootloader and waited until it finished

    Explain the code

    LANGUAGE AVR ASSEMBLER

    • The only language that microcontrollers understand is the code machine formed by zeros and ones of the binary system.
    • The assembly language expresses the instructions in a more natural to the man while very close to the microcontroller, since each one of those instructions corresponds to another one in machine code.
    • Assembly language works with mnemonics, which are groups of alphanumeric characters that symbolize the orders or tasks to perform.
    • The translation of the mnemonics into machine code understandable by the The microcontroller is carried out by an assembly program.
    • The program written in assembly language is called source code (* .asm). The assembler program provides from this file the corresponding machine code, which usually has the extension * .hex.

    In this case I used LANGUAGE AVR ASSEMBLER, I used AtmelStudio Program Also, I did a programming which consists of the LED light turning on every time I press the button,

    I selected GCC C Executable Project

    I selected ATtiny44

    I wrote the programming in avr assembler language.

    I recorded the board successfully.

    Explain the code

    Flash the chip

    First, I guided myself on this web site, please click on the bullet

  • AVRDUDE

    • I downloaded and entered the folder avrdudess_20190209.zip(578.27 kB)

    Then I unzipped the file

    I followed the installation steps in Linux

    I Installed the Mono

    Then I installed the avrdude recorder

    Also I executed AVRDUDESS with Mono

    Steps:

    • I chose the USBasap programmer
    • I chose the ATtiny44 chip
    • I chose /dev/tty50 port
    • I chose the baud rate :115200
    • I chose my file in format hex, which was generated with the avr studio
    • I chose the option Write
    • I did click on Programa!

    We can see the confirmation that the recording was successful.

    You can download the files by clicking on the bullets.