Fab Academy 2020
10. Applications and Implications

Assignment :


1. What will it do?

My final project is a dust sensor which will measure the amount of airborne dust particulate matter in my Project Lab (which is a carpentry workshop that I manage) and in-turn display the reading onto the LCD display screen. It will display PM10 and PM2.5 readings.

PM10 is particulate matter 10 micrometers or less in diameter. PM10 is generally described inhalable coarse particles.

PM2.5 is particulate matter 2.5 micrometers or less in diameter. PM2.5 is generally described as fine particles.

In addition, if the reading of PM2.5 exceed a pre-defined limit, the buzzer of the dust sensor will sound.



2. Who's done what beforehand?

1) M 2.5 Sensor running from an Arduino Uno Rev 3 board :
http://fab.cba.mit.edu/classes/863.16/section.EECS/people/Jain/articles/2016-12/final-project-planning.html

2) Arduino Tutorial : A dust sensor running from an Arduino Fio board :
http://arduinodev.woofex.net/2012/12/01/standalone-sharp-dust-sensor/

3) A PM 2.5 Sensor connected to a Particle Photon :
https://www.hackster.io/edwios/air-quality-monitor-3f422f



3. What will you design?

I will design :
1) The PCB or electronic board to take in reading form the dust sensor module and output to a LCD display module and a buzzer (if unhealthy limit is reach).
2) A 3D-print support frame to hold the electronics comonenets together. 3D Print is a form of additive manufacturing which give me more flexibility in my design, to design to the shape and size I want.
3) A 3mm thick wooden/acrylic plastic enclosure box. Using laser cutting, a form of subtractive manufacturing.

First impression in 3D of my final project without the 3D print support frame (not design yet yet)


4. What materials and components will be used?
5. How much will they cost?

Bill of Material (BOM)
No. Part No. Part Description Qty Price
(USD)
Total
(USD)
Remarks
Input device
1. PMS5003 PM2.5 Air particle/dust sensor, laser inside, digital output module 1 13.30 13.30 AliExpress
Output device
2. LCD Screen 1602 LCD Display Module (2 rows x 16 lines) 1602 5V Blue Blacklight 1 1.32 1.32 AliExpress
3. IIC/I2C adaptor IIC/I2C adaptor for LCD 1602 display module 1 0.88 0.88 AliExpress
4. 433-1028-ND Buzzers Transducer, Externally Driven Magnetic 5V 50mA 2.4kHz 87dB @ 5V, 10cm Through Hole PC Pins 1 0.59 0.59 DigiKey
Electronic Board
5. ATMEGA328P-AU-ND ATMEGA 328P MCU 8BIT 32KB FLASH 32TQFP 1 2.27 2.27 Digikey
6. 535-9362-6-ND 16MHz Ceramic Resonator Built in Capacitor 22pF 1 0.44 0.44 Digikey
7. 1276-1075-6-ND CAP CER 10µF 25V X5R +10% 1206- 1 0.24 0.24 Digikey
8. 399-4674-1-ND CAP CER 0.1µF ±10% 250V X7R 1206 1 0.48 0.48 Digikey
9. 311-10.0KFRCT-ND RES SMD 10K Ohm1% 1/4W 1206 1 0.11 0.11 Digikey
10. 311-1.00KFRCT-ND RES SMD 1 kOhm ±1% 1/4W 1206 1 0.11 0.11 Digikey
11. SW262CT-ND Switch Tactile 1206 SMD 1 1.17 1.17 Digikey
12. 160-1167-1-ND LED Red Clear 1206 SMD 1 0.41 0.41 Digikey
13. 609-5161-1-ND ISP Header Surface Mount 6 position 0.100" (2.54mm) 1 0.91 0.91 Digikey
14. S1011EC-40-ND Connector Header Through Hole 40 position 0.100" (2.54mm) 1 0.72 0.72 Digikey
15. TOL-14974-ND FR1 Copper clad board single sided 2.00"L x 3.00"W stock for PCB Fabrication 1 1.38 1.38 Digikey
Pin header connectors (female) for PMS 5003 sensor
16. VENSTPOW 2.54mm Single row Dupont Connector Plastic Shell Plug Jumper Wire Cable Pin Header female 8 0.16 0.16 AliExpress
Wiring cables
17. ROBOTLINKING Jumper Wire Female to Female, Dupont Line 10cm length 9 0.86 7.74 AliExpress
Power source
18. LJH-186 AC/DC 100-240V Universal Power Adaptor Output 5V 0.5A (2.1mm dia) EU plug 5.5 mm x 2.1 mm 1 1.71 1.71 AliExpress
19. DC-050 DC Power Jack Socket Connector DC005 5.5x2.1mm 1 1.26 1.26 AliExpress
Wooden Enclosure Box
20. 434-295 Clear Acrylic Sheet, 500mm x 300mm x 3mm 1 12.39 12.39 Might be using recycled material from Fab Lab
Miscellanous : mounting fixture/support
21. PLA filament for 3D Printer, Innofil, 2.85mm, 750gram, silver color 1 30.35 - Obtain from Fab Lab
22. Small screws 6 0.05 - Obtain from Fab Lab
Total 46.42

Note :

Digital fabrication tools/machine require :



Proposed Input Device : PM2.5 Air Quality Sensor

Dust Particle PM2.5 Sensor
Dust Sensor Module
Brand : Plantower
Model No. : PMS5003
Datasheet
This sensor uses laser scattering to radiate suspending particles in the air, then collects scattering light to obtain the curve of scattering light change with time.
Price : USD 13.30
More info on aqicn.org website


Proposed Output Device : LCD display, Buzzer

Proposed Output devices
LCD Display Module Buzzer
Brand : LANDZO
Model No. : 1602
Brand : Soberton Inc.
Model No. : 433-1028-ND
- LCD Display Module 1206A (1602A) Datasheet 1
- LCD Display Module 1206A (1602A) Datasheet 2
Datasheet
This blue screen LCD Display Module display 2-lines X 16-characters. Viewing area size: 64.5mm x 16mm. Buzzers Transducer, Externally Driven Magnetic 5V 50mA 2.4kHz 87dB @ 5V, 10cm Through Hole PC Pins
Price : USD 1.32 Price : USD 0.59
More info on
Digikey
More info on
Digikey



6. Where will come from?

Most of the electronic components can be found in the SP Fab Lab like buzzer, LCD display module, copper claded FR1 material for PCB milling. PLA filament for 3D printing is provided by the Fab Lab. Estimated PLA material require to be less than 8m.

For the specialise PM2.5 dust sensor module and other electronic components which are not in the Fab Lab inventory, will need to be purchased from online shop.

For the 3mm thick plywood or acrylic sheet used to fabricate the enclosure box, it will be purchase from local art and craft shop.



7. What parts and systems will be made?

Electronic board - made
Enclosure box - made
Support frame to hold the Dust Sensor, LCD display module, etc - made


8. What processes will be used?

2D/3D Design - Autodesk Fusion 360 software
PCB Designing - Autodesk EAGLE software
PCB fabrication process - StepCraft 420 PCB milling machine
Stuffing of components - Soldering station, soldering wire and soldering tool
Additive manufacturing process - 3D Printer
Subtractive manufacturing process - Laser cutter
Testing and troubleshooting of electronics : - Digital multimeter


9. What questions need to be answered?

1. How can I fit the various electronic components inside the enclosure?
2. How the various electronic components going to be connected together?
3. Is there a way to have a neat cable run inside the enclosure? A cable mamagement tube/tray?
4. Will the dust sensor work accurately as advertised?
5. Will the enclosure box be stable and not filmsy or easily broken?
6. Where will the source of power coming from?
7. How long does the dust sensor last in normal office environment? or in a dusty environment? Dust is inevitably produced in the Project Lab. If the workshop environment is very dusty, how long will the dust sensor last? I would need to be able to remove the dust sensor for cleaning, or replace the dust sensor if needed.


9. How will it be evaluated?

1) Successfully design and fabricate the enclosure box. Enclosure box should not be shaky and flimsy
2) Successfully design and fabricate the support frame
3) Support frame is able to securely hold the various componenets together
4) Successfully design and fabricate the electronic board (PCB milling, soldering the components)
5) The fabricated electronic board is able to integrate with the LCD display module, the buzzer, the 5V power jack and power switch. Connection and programming
6) LCD Display module is able to display PM2.5/ PM10 reading
7) Buzzer is able to sound if a pre-defined unhealthy PM2.5/PM10 limit is reach or exceeded


10. Souce of power and power drawn

In view that a standard USB 2.0 port power output is around 500mA. I will use a 100-220 AC to 5V DC 500mA power adaptor as my main source of power supply.


11. Spiral development (what next?)

I hope to have some form of logging, therefore I intend to integrate a storage device into the project somewhere in the future. It will be ideal to take an average reading over 1 hour or a few hours duration, therefore might need to log the data down.